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Module 2: AWS Security 🔷

Master Amazon Web Services security features and best practices.

Learning Objectives

  • • Understand AWS shared responsibility model
  • • Master IAM policies and access control
  • • Configure VPC security and networking
  • • Implement AWS security monitoring and logging

AWS Shared Responsibility Model

Understanding the division of security responsibilities between AWS and customers is fundamental to cloud security.

AWS Responsibilities

  • Infrastructure Security: Hardware, software, networking
  • Global Infrastructure: Regions, availability zones, edge locations
  • Compute Services: EC2, Lambda, ECS security
  • Storage Services: S3, EBS, EFS security
  • Database Services: RDS, DynamoDB security

Customer Responsibilities

  • Data Security: Encryption, classification, access
  • Application Security: Code, configuration, patching
  • Identity Management: IAM policies, users, roles
  • Network Security: VPC configuration, security groups
  • Compliance: Regulatory requirements, audits

Identity and Access Management (IAM)

IAM Best Practices

  • Principle of Least Privilege: Grant minimum required permissions
  • Use IAM Roles: Instead of access keys when possible
  • Enable MFA: Multi-factor authentication for all users
  • Regular Access Reviews: Audit permissions periodically
  • Use Groups: Manage permissions through groups

IAM Policy Types

  • Identity-based Policies: Attached to users, groups, roles
  • Resource-based Policies: Attached to AWS resources
  • Permission Boundaries: Limit maximum permissions
  • Service Control Policies: Organization-wide restrictions
  • Access Control Lists: Cross-account permissions

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) Security

VPC provides network isolation and security controls for AWS resources.

Network Security Components

  • Security Groups: Stateful firewall rules
  • Network ACLs: Stateless subnet-level rules
  • VPC Flow Logs: Network traffic monitoring
  • VPC Endpoints: Private AWS service access
  • NAT Gateways: Outbound internet access

VPC Design Best Practices

  • Multi-tier Architecture: Separate public and private subnets
  • Subnet Segmentation: Different subnets for different purposes
  • Route Table Management: Control traffic flow
  • VPC Peering: Connect multiple VPCs
  • Transit Gateway: Centralized network hub

AWS Security Services

Monitoring and Logging

  • CloudTrail: API call logging and monitoring
  • CloudWatch: Metrics, logs, and alarms
  • VPC Flow Logs: Network traffic analysis
  • Config: Resource configuration tracking
  • GuardDuty: Threat detection service

Security and Compliance

  • Security Hub: Centralized security findings
  • Macie: Data discovery and protection
  • Inspector: Automated security assessments
  • Artifact: Compliance reports and documents
  • Certificate Manager: SSL/TLS certificate management

Data Protection

Protecting data at rest and in transit is crucial for AWS security.

Encryption

  • Server-side Encryption: AWS-managed encryption keys
  • Client-side Encryption: Customer-managed keys
  • KMS: Key Management Service
  • CloudHSM: Hardware security modules
  • Secrets Manager: Secure credential storage

Data Security

  • Data Classification: Identify sensitive data
  • Access Controls: Restrict data access
  • Backup Security: Secure backup storage
  • Data Loss Prevention: Monitor data movement
  • Retention Policies: Data lifecycle management

Interactive AWS Security Exercise

Configure AWS security controls and monitoring. Select the appropriate IAM components, VPC components, and security services:

Scenario

Set up a secure AWS environment with proper IAM policies, VPC configuration, and monitoring. Configure the appropriate components for comprehensive AWS security.

IAM Components

IAM Users
Individual user accounts with permissions
IAM Groups
Collections of users for easier management
IAM Roles
Temporary permissions for services
IAM Policies
Permission documents attached to identities

VPC Components

Security Groups
Stateful firewall rules for instances
Network ACLs
Stateless subnet-level firewall rules
VPC Endpoints
Private connections to AWS services
VPC Flow Logs
Network traffic monitoring and analysis

Security Services

CloudTrail
API call logging and monitoring
CloudWatch
Metrics, logs, and alarms
GuardDuty
Threat detection service
AWS Config
Resource configuration tracking

AWS Security Configuration

Click IAM components, VPC components, and security services above to configure your AWS security

Configuration Explanation

IAM Components: Essential for identity and access management in AWS.
VPC Components: Critical for network security and isolation.
Security Services: Provide monitoring, logging, and threat detection.
Best Practices: Follow the principle of least privilege and defense in depth.