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Module 2: AWS Security 🔷
Master Amazon Web Services security features and best practices.
Learning Objectives
- • Understand AWS shared responsibility model
- • Master IAM policies and access control
- • Configure VPC security and networking
- • Implement AWS security monitoring and logging
AWS Shared Responsibility Model
Understanding the division of security responsibilities between AWS and customers is fundamental to cloud security.
AWS Responsibilities
- • Infrastructure Security: Hardware, software, networking
- • Global Infrastructure: Regions, availability zones, edge locations
- • Compute Services: EC2, Lambda, ECS security
- • Storage Services: S3, EBS, EFS security
- • Database Services: RDS, DynamoDB security
Customer Responsibilities
- • Data Security: Encryption, classification, access
- • Application Security: Code, configuration, patching
- • Identity Management: IAM policies, users, roles
- • Network Security: VPC configuration, security groups
- • Compliance: Regulatory requirements, audits
Identity and Access Management (IAM)
IAM Best Practices
- • Principle of Least Privilege: Grant minimum required permissions
- • Use IAM Roles: Instead of access keys when possible
- • Enable MFA: Multi-factor authentication for all users
- • Regular Access Reviews: Audit permissions periodically
- • Use Groups: Manage permissions through groups
IAM Policy Types
- • Identity-based Policies: Attached to users, groups, roles
- • Resource-based Policies: Attached to AWS resources
- • Permission Boundaries: Limit maximum permissions
- • Service Control Policies: Organization-wide restrictions
- • Access Control Lists: Cross-account permissions
Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) Security
VPC provides network isolation and security controls for AWS resources.
Network Security Components
- • Security Groups: Stateful firewall rules
- • Network ACLs: Stateless subnet-level rules
- • VPC Flow Logs: Network traffic monitoring
- • VPC Endpoints: Private AWS service access
- • NAT Gateways: Outbound internet access
VPC Design Best Practices
- • Multi-tier Architecture: Separate public and private subnets
- • Subnet Segmentation: Different subnets for different purposes
- • Route Table Management: Control traffic flow
- • VPC Peering: Connect multiple VPCs
- • Transit Gateway: Centralized network hub
AWS Security Services
Monitoring and Logging
- • CloudTrail: API call logging and monitoring
- • CloudWatch: Metrics, logs, and alarms
- • VPC Flow Logs: Network traffic analysis
- • Config: Resource configuration tracking
- • GuardDuty: Threat detection service
Security and Compliance
- • Security Hub: Centralized security findings
- • Macie: Data discovery and protection
- • Inspector: Automated security assessments
- • Artifact: Compliance reports and documents
- • Certificate Manager: SSL/TLS certificate management
Data Protection
Protecting data at rest and in transit is crucial for AWS security.
Encryption
- • Server-side Encryption: AWS-managed encryption keys
- • Client-side Encryption: Customer-managed keys
- • KMS: Key Management Service
- • CloudHSM: Hardware security modules
- • Secrets Manager: Secure credential storage
Data Security
- • Data Classification: Identify sensitive data
- • Access Controls: Restrict data access
- • Backup Security: Secure backup storage
- • Data Loss Prevention: Monitor data movement
- • Retention Policies: Data lifecycle management
Interactive AWS Security Exercise
Configure AWS security controls and monitoring. Select the appropriate IAM components, VPC components, and security services:
Scenario
Set up a secure AWS environment with proper IAM policies, VPC configuration, and monitoring. Configure the appropriate components for comprehensive AWS security.
IAM Components
IAM Users
Individual user accounts with permissions
IAM Groups
Collections of users for easier management
IAM Roles
Temporary permissions for services
IAM Policies
Permission documents attached to identities
VPC Components
Security Groups
Stateful firewall rules for instances
Network ACLs
Stateless subnet-level firewall rules
VPC Endpoints
Private connections to AWS services
VPC Flow Logs
Network traffic monitoring and analysis
Security Services
CloudTrail
API call logging and monitoring
CloudWatch
Metrics, logs, and alarms
GuardDuty
Threat detection service
AWS Config
Resource configuration tracking
AWS Security Configuration
Click IAM components, VPC components, and security services above to configure your AWS security
Configuration Explanation
IAM Components: Essential for identity and access management in AWS.
VPC Components: Critical for network security and isolation.
Security Services: Provide monitoring, logging, and threat detection.
Best Practices: Follow the principle of least privilege and defense in depth.